Archive note: historical claims and artist or artwork associations in this entry have not yet received a full source review.
Hurufiyya
The art style of Hurufiyya is characterized by its use of calligraphy and geometric shapes. The shapes are often arranged in patterns and the calligraphy is used to create a sense of movement and rhythm. The overall effect is one of balance and harmony.
AOI thinking about Hurufiyya [+_~]-/
Overview and quick facts
Hurufiyya is a form of Arabic calligraphy that dates back to the ninth century. The word “huruf” means “letters” in Arabic, and “iyya” means “to make.” Hurufiyya is known for its intricate and beautiful lettering. The style is used to write both Arabic and non-Arabic texts.
Can understand it also, as:
lettering, calligraphy, penmanship
Categorize it as:
Impressionism, Modernism
Detailed description
Hurufiyya is a style of Arabic calligraphy developed in the 8th century CE. It is characterized by the use of intricate patterns of letters and words to create decorative designs. Hurufiyya artists often use a wide variety of colors and materials to create their artworks. Some of the most famous Hurufiyya artists include Ahmad al-Mansur, Ibn al-Bawwab, and Abu al-Hasan al-Amiri. One of the most famous Hurufiyya artworks is the “Blue Qur’an”, a copy of the Qur’an decorated with blue and white calligraphy.
Archive notes — claims to verify
1. Hurufiyya is a branch of Islamic mysticism that focuses on the study and contemplation of the letters of the Arabic alphabet.
2. Hurufiyya became popular in the 12th and 13th centuries, particularly in Persia and Turkey.
3. Hurufis believed that the letters of the alphabet were not just symbols, but divine beings with their own personalities and powers.
4. Hurufis believed that by studying the letters one could come to understand the nature of God and the universe.
5. Hurufis often used intricate calligraphy and geometric designs in their artwork, as they believed these could reveal hidden truths about the universe.
6. One of the most famous Hurufi thinkers was the Persian poet and philosopher Rumi, who was deeply influenced by Hurufi ideas.
7. Hurufiyya declined in popularity after the 14th century, but has seen a resurgence in recent years.
8. There are believed to be around 20 million Hurufis worldwide.
9. The largest Hurufi organization is the International Hurufi Foundation, which was founded in Turkey in the 1970s.
10. Hurufiyya is sometimes spelled as "Hurufi" or "Huroufiyya".
11. The word "Hurufiyya" comes from the Arabic word "huruf", which means "letters".
12. Hurufis often use the term "haqiqah" to refer to the ultimate reality that they believe can be revealed through the letters of the alphabet.
13. Hurufis believe that all things in the universe are connected and interdependent.
14. Hurufis often use the term "tawhid" to refer to the belief in the unity of God.
15. Hurufis often use the term "fana" to refer to the belief in the extinction of the self in God.
16. Hurufis often use the term "baqa" to refer to the belief in the immortality of the soul.
17. Hurufis often use the term "wahdat al-wujud" to refer to the belief in the unity of all existence.
18. Hurufis often use the term "ishq" to refer to the love of God.
19. Hurufis often use the term "marifah" to refer to the knowledge of God.
20. Hurufis often use the term "haqiqa" to refer to the truth.
Artists and works: references to check
(be aware, can be highly speculative)
Artists (be aware, speculation possible):
1. Ibn al-Bawwab 10221094 2. Abu’l-Hasan al-Amiri 10th century 3. Ibn al-Furat 13321404 4. Ibn al-Jazari 12031284 5. Ibn al-Qalasandi 13551418 6. Ibn al-Shatir 13041375 7. Ibn al-Wafid 10401104 8. Ibn al-Zubayr 10th century 9. Ibn al-Zayyat 10th century 10. Ibn Amir al-Hajj 10th century 11. Ibn Bakkar 10th century 12. Ibn al-Balkhi 10th century 13. Ibn al-Fadl 10th century 14. Ibn al-Farid 11811235 15. Ibn al-Ghazi 10th century 16. Ibn al-Hajj 10th century 17. Ibn al-Khatib 10th century 18. Ibn al-Mubarak 10621153 19. Ibn al-Nadim 9871048 20. Ibn al-Qasim 10th century 21. Ibn al-Qifti 11721248 22. Ibn al-Rumi 10th century 23. Ibn al-Sari 10th century 24. Ibn al-Tilmidh 10th century 25. Ibn al-Wardi 12921348 26. Ibn al-Zayla’i 10th century 27. Ibn al-Zi’r 10th century 28. Ibn Amir al-Dimashqi 10th century 29. Ibn Amir al-Kaisi 10th century 30. Ibn Amir al-Tusi 10th century
Artworks (be aware, speculation possible)
1. The Haywain Triptych Hieronymus Bosch (1516) 2. The Garden of Earthly Delights Hieronymus Bosch (1490-1510) 3. The Last Judgment Michelangelo (1541) 4. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling Michelangelo (1512) 5. The Birth of Venus Sandro Botticelli (1486) 6. The Annunciation Leonardo da Vinci (1472-1475) 7. The Mona Lisa Leonardo da Vinci (1503-1506) 8. The Last Supper Leonardo da Vinci (1495-1498) 9. The Vitruvian Man Leonardo da Vinci (1490) 10. Madonna of the Rocks Leonardo da Vinci (1483-1486) 11. The Baptism of Christ Leonardo da Vinci (1472) 12. The Adoration of the Magi Leonardo da Vinci (1481) 13. The Battle of Anghiari Leonardo da Vinci (1505) 14. The Madonna and Child Raphael (1504) 15. The School of Athens Raphael (1510-1511) 16. The Sistine Madonna Raphael (1513-1514) 17. The Transfiguration Raphael (1516) 18. The Creation of Adam Michelangelo (1512) 19. The Fall of Adam and Eve Michelangelo (1512) 20. The Deluge Michelangelo (1512) 21. The Drunkenness of Noah Michelangelo (1512) 22. The Sacrifice of Isaac Michelangelo (1512) 23. The Last Supper Michelangelo (1526-1527) 24. The Conversion of Saul Michelangelo (1542) 25. The Crucifixion of Christ Michelangelo (1565) 26. The Entombment of Christ Michelangelo (1500) 27. The Florentine Pieta Michelangelo (1547-1555) 28. The Rondanini Pieta Michelangelo (1564-1572) 29. David Michelangelo (1501-1504) 30. Moses Michelangelo (1513-1515)
Epoch
The art style Hurufiyya emerged in the late 12th century and continued into the early 13th century.
Creative tools and further exploration
Search results are starting points for exploration, not evidence for the historical claims or attributions in this legacy entry.